Agreement

Chapter 1[1] of: Common Law Contract Law. A Pratical Guide For The Civil Law Lawyer, Steadman Jean and Sprague Steven, Ipsoa, 2015. Precontractual liabilities and agreements in England and Wales Most commercial contracts and agreements, from a simple sale and purchase contract to a complex joint v... [Read All]

On 30th June 2005, the Hague Conference on Private International Law concluded a Convention on Choice of Court Agreements. The EU as a Regional Economic Integration Organisation became a Member of the Hague Conference on Private International Law in 2007. On 11th June 2015, the EU approved the 2005 ... [Read All]

The scope of Article 3(3) of Directive 2001/23/EC concerning the safeguarding of employees’ rights in the event of transfers of undertakings (and more particularly the interpretation of the “terms and conditions” maintained in the event of a transfer of undertaking) was once again ... [Read All]

The European Economic Community and Turkey stipulated the EEC-Turkey association treaty in 1963. In 1970, the “standstill clause” was introduced; this latter forbade the contracting parties from adding restrictions to the freedom to provision of services. On this basis, a Turkish c... [Read All]

With the Agreement of 20.06.2013, the European Union has established a new Unified Patent Court. The creation of “specialised courts”, whose competence is limited to disputes falling within a specific field of EU Law, was first envisaged by the Treaty of Nice in 2000; so far, only the Ci... [Read All]

In this judgment, the CJEU considered a case referred by the Spanish Juzgado de lo mercantil n°3 de Barcelona. In the domestic proceedings, Mr. Aziz, the applicant, had stipulated a mortgage agreement with the Bank Catalunyacaixa to purchase a home. After failing to pay an installment, a reposse... [Read All]

The case was referred to the CJEU by the Slovak Supreme Court, and pertains to the scope of art. 101 of the TFEU, which prohibits the creation of cartels and other agreements between undertakings aimed at disrupting competition in the EU internal market. In the instant case, three Slovakian banks (... [Read All]

Shareholders’ agreements in limited liability companies in China Overview Shareholders' agreements play a significant role in tailoring important aspects of a company structure to the particular needs of the shareholders. Although shareholders' agreements are widely employe... [Read All]